| Depth |
Up to about 30–50 m |
More than 50 m (can go 100–300 m or more) |
| Water Source |
Upper water table (unconfined aquifer) |
Lower water table (confined aquifer) |
| Water Quality |
More chances of contamination |
Generally cleaner and safer |
| Discharge (Yield) |
Low to moderate |
High and reliable |
| Seasonal Effect |
Affected by rainfall and drought |
Less affected by seasons |
| Construction Cost |
Low |
High |
| Installation |
Simple and quick |
Complex, needs machinery |
| Pump Requirement |
Hand pump or small pump |
Power pump (submersible) required |
| Use |
Small-scale irrigation, domestic use |
Large-scale irrigation, town water supply |
